Effectiveness of Coordination Exercises with Weights in Developing the Fluidity of the Serve in Tennis as Indicated by Electromyography (EMG)
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Tennis is a sport that has witnessed remarkable development in recent years due to advancements in various sports sciences, particularly sports training science, motor learning, and physiology. This has contributed to improving the technical performance of players. This development is closely linked to the development of specific physical abilities, given their active role in enhancing skill performance, especially in fundamental and crucial skills such as the serve, which requires a high degree of accuracy, coordination, and fluidity. The use of coordination exercises with added weights is a modern training method that contributes to improving the quality of motor performance by enhancing the harmony between body parts during skill execution. This research aimed to identify the effect of coordination exercises with added weights on enhancing the fluidity of the tennis serve, as measured by electromyography (EMG). The researcher used an experimental design with a single group and pre- and post-tests, and implemented the training program on a sample of six players from the specialized tennis center in Baghdad. Electromyography (EMG) was used to measure the electrical activity of the muscles involved during the serve, specifically the deltoid, triceps, and calf muscles. The results showed statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test scores, favoring the post-test scores, in the peak electrical activity of the targeted muscles. This indicates improved fluidity and muscular efficiency during the serve. Furthermore, coordination exercises using added weights and light resistance contributed to a high degree of upper and lower limb coordination, which positively impacted the economy of movement and improved the players' skill performance. The researcher concluded that coordination exercises with added weights are an effective training method for enhancing fluidity in tennis serve execution, as indicated by electromyography (EMG).
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